初二上冊(cè)英語語法總結(jié)

初二上冊(cè)英語語法總結(jié)

動(dòng)詞不定式一.定義：

動(dòng)詞不定式是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種，它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能獨(dú)立作謂語，但它仍保持動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，既可以有自己的賓語和狀語。同時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式又具有名詞、形容詞、副詞的特征，在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。

二.動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成：to+動(dòng)詞原形

三.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語

后面能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：agree,ask,choose,decide,forget,hope,learn,want,wish,wouldlike等。

Wehopetogettherebeforedark.我們希望天黑以前到那兒。Thegirldecidedtodoitherself.那個(gè)姑娘決定自己做那件事。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的注意事項(xiàng)（2點(diǎn)）

1.有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式作賓語，也可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但含義不同：remembertodo記住要做某事

rememberdoing記得曾經(jīng)做過某事forgettodo忘記要做某事forgetdoing忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事stoptodo停下來去做某事stopdoing停止做某事

goontodo繼續(xù)做另一件事goondoing繼續(xù)做原來在做的事

Irememberseeingyousomewherebefore.我記得以前在哪兒見過你。

Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.

離開時(shí)請(qǐng)記得關(guān)好燈。

2.不定式作賓語時(shí)，如帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語，則要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式賓語，構(gòu)成“主語+動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞、名詞）+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Hefounditverydifficulttogettosleep.他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡。

四.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.后面能接to不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：ask,order,teach,tell,want,wish,help等。

TheteachertoldustodoExercise1.老師要我們做練習(xí)一。Iwantbothofyoutogo.我要你們倆去。

Wehelpedher(to)repairherbike.我們幫助她修理自行車。

2.使役動(dòng)詞let,have,make及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel等要以不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。

Let’shavearest.我們休息一會(huì)吧。Isawhimcomein.我看見他進(jìn)來了。

感官動(dòng)詞后既可跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，也可跟v-ing作賓補(bǔ)，前者表示動(dòng)作的全部過程已結(jié)束；后者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。

Isawhimcomedownstairs.我看見他下了樓。（說明他下樓了這件事）Isawhimcomingdownstairs.我看見他在下樓。（說明他下樓時(shí)的情景）

五.動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語

Laterhelefthometoworkindifferentcities.不久他離開家到不同的城市工作。Hewenttoseeafootballmatch.他去看足球比賽了。Inordertocatchtheotherstudents,Imustworkhard.為了趕上其他同學(xué)，我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。

六.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語

不定式作定語一般放在所修飾的詞的后面。Ineedsomethingtoeat.

Doyouhavesomethingtoread?

Tomwassoexcitedthathehadnowordtosay.Heisreallyafoolonlytoeat.

ThemantostandherejustnowisourEnglishteacher.Thedoctorhadnowaytosavethepatient.注意：

（1）作定語的不定式是由及物動(dòng)詞組成，被修飾的名詞或代詞與不定式之間存在方位或方式關(guān)系需要有介詞。

Iamlookingforaroomtolivein.我正在找一間住房。（方位關(guān)系）Wehavemanythingstodoexperimentswith.我們有許多做實(shí)驗(yàn)的東西（方式關(guān)系）

（2）作定語的不定式是由“be+adj+prep”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語。Herethereisn’tanybookformetobeinterestedin.

Wehavedonemanythingstoproudof.我們做了許多引以自豪的事。

七.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語Togiveisbetterthantoreceive.

Toreachthereonfootisimpossible.

動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，可以用it代替，把實(shí)際主語不定式放在后面。It’sbettertogivethantoreceive.It’simpossibletoreachthereonfoot.It’s+adj+forsb.todosth.

It’snotdifficultformetostudyEnglishwell.

It’seasyforhimtoworkoutthismathproblem.

在這個(gè)句型中，如果形容詞與不定式的邏輯主語關(guān)系密切，并且形容詞用來說明邏輯主語的性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等，由of引出邏輯主語。這類形容詞主要有nice,kind,good,wrong,right等。

八.動(dòng)詞不定式和疑問詞連用

動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問詞what,which,how,where,when連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語，可以作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等。

Howtodoisstillaquestion.

Haveyoudecidedwhentoleave?

九.動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式

動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是在to前加not；不帶to的不定式則在動(dòng)詞前加not.如：ZhangMingaskedmenottostayathomeallday.張明要我不要整天呆在家里。

Mymotherletmenotdoitbymyself.媽媽讓我不要獨(dú)自做這件事。

被動(dòng)語態(tài)

英語有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)

主動(dòng)語態(tài)（TheActiveVoice）表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)（ThePassiveVoice）表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。構(gòu)成：承受者+助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：承受者+助動(dòng)詞am/is/are+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者一般過去時(shí)：承受者+助動(dòng)詞was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者承受者+助動(dòng)詞shall/willbe+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者承受者+助動(dòng)詞have/hasbeen+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者承受者+can/may/must/should+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語態(tài)用法：

1）當(dāng)我們不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰，或者沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，需用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

2）當(dāng)我們需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

3）如果需要說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,用by引導(dǎo)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與原句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。

主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)有以下幾種情況：1）主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋賓語

將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。（主動(dòng)）Weboughtabookyesterday.（被動(dòng)）Thebookwasboughtyesterday.

2）主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語

將主動(dòng)語態(tài)中一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。多數(shù)情況下將間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z。如果直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z時(shí)，間接賓語前要加介詞to/for。（主動(dòng)）Heshowedmeabookyesterday.（被動(dòng)）Iwasshowedabookyesterday.（被動(dòng)）Thebookwasshowedtomeyesterday.3）主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋復(fù)合賓語

含有一個(gè)由賓語加賓語補(bǔ)足語構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，賓語補(bǔ)足語保留不變，成為主語補(bǔ)足語。（主動(dòng)）Ifoundhimagoodpupil.（賓語補(bǔ)足語）（被動(dòng)）Hewasfoundagoodpupil.（主語補(bǔ)足語）4）短語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)

有些短語動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，其后可以接賓語，因此它們也有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，但短語動(dòng)詞是不可分割的整體，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不可去掉其后面的介詞或副詞。（主動(dòng)）Weshouldlookafterthepatientsverywell.

（被動(dòng)）Thepatientsshouldbelookedafterverywellbyus.5）賓語從句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)

若主動(dòng)語態(tài)中是賓語從句，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)常用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語放在后面。

It’ssaidthathepassedtheexam.被動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)特殊問題：

（1）不及物動(dòng)詞帶介詞和介詞賓語，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，仍然要帶上介詞。（主動(dòng)）Thestudentsinclasslistentotheteachercarefully.（被動(dòng)）Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.

（2）當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶有復(fù)合賓語時(shí)，并且賓補(bǔ)是省去“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上“to”。

（主動(dòng)）Theymakedoallthework.

（被動(dòng)）Weweremadetodoallthework.

（主動(dòng)）WeoftenhearhersingEnglishsongs.（被動(dòng)）SheisoftenheardtosingEnglishsongs.（主動(dòng)）Iseehimwalktoschool.（被動(dòng)）Heisseentowalktoschool.

擴(kuò)展閱讀：初二上冊(cè)英語語法總結(jié)

選擇填空

()1.What’sthematterwithyou?

--Ihad___badcoldandhadtostayin_____bed

A.a;/B.a;theC.a;aD.the;the()2.When________he_____toourschool?---Abouttwohours

A.does;comeB.did;comeC.did;cameD.do;come()3.Themeatis__expensiveandeating__meatisbadforyourhealth.A.toomuch;muchtooB.muchtoo;toomuchC.toomuch;toomuchD.muchtoo;muchtoo;()4.It’sinteresting___abooklikethis.

A.readB.readsC.readingD.toread()5.Whatabout___Englishwithme?

A.studyB.studiesC.studyingD.tostudy()6.Ifyouwanttobeingood____,youshouldeat____food.

A.healthy;healthyB.health;healthC.healthy;healthD.health;healthy()7.Isthere____wrongwithyourcomputer?

A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.some()8.Couldyougiveme_____?--Sure.

A.someadviceB.someadvicesC.anyadviceD.anyadvices()9.Theyare___nextmonth.

A.gotocampB.gocampingC.goingcampingD.goingcamp()10.Thatsound_____.

A.interestingB.interestedC.interestD.tointerest()11.Thechildlikestodo____.

A.thingsdifferentB.somethingdifferentC.differentsomethingD.differentanything()12.MayIaskyou______question?--Sure

A.anyB.muchC.someD.alittle()13.Atlasthedecided_________thenewplan.

A.atB.toC.onD.for

()14.Theoldpeoplelike____afterdinner,becauseit’sgoodfortheirhealth.

A.takingwalksB.takingwalkC.goingforwalkD.gotowalks()15.Braceisgoingfishing,____hisbrotherisn’t.Hehasmuchworktodo.A.andB.soC.butD.because()16.--_____doyoucometoschool?--_____foot.

A.What;OnB.How;OnC.What;ByD.How;By()17.SometimesIgo_____withmyfather.

A.fishB.fishingC.tofishD.fishes

()18.Ittookmearound______hourtofinishmyhomeworkyesterday.A.aB.anC.theD./

()19.Wheretogodepends______theplacewhereyoulike.A.inB.withC.onD.by()20.It____fifteenminutestowalktoschool.

A.spendsB.costsC.takesD.pays()21.Thenumberofthechildreninherfamily_____thereA.amB.isC.areD.be()22.Pleasewaitforamoment;Ihave____totellyou.A.interestingsomethingB.somethinginterestingC.interestinganythingD.anythinginteresting()23.Iwanttoknow______.

A.wheredoesheliveB.howfarisit

C.whoisheD.howhegoestoschool()24.---Canyougotothebankwithme?-----______.

A.Sure,I’dlovetoB.Yes,I’dloveC.No,PleaseD.No,I’dlove()25.---Let’sgooutandplaygames.---Sorry,Ihave______worktodo.

A.muchtooB.toomuchC.toomanyD.manytoo()26.Heleft____HongKong____themorningofSeptember8thA.to;onB.for;inC.to;inD.for;on

()27.Mygoodfriendcanplay_____soccerwell,buthecan’tplay_____guitar.A.a;theB.the;theC./;theD.the;/

()28.---I’mgoinghikinginthemountainswithmyfriendstomorrow.----________

A.CongratulationsB.ThanksalotC.HaveagoodtimeD.Sorrytohearthat()29.---MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday-----No,you_____

A.can’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.needn’t()30.Shefinished_____herpostcardstwodaysago.

A.writeB.wroteC.writingD.writes()31.---Why____fishingtomorrow?--Goodidea!

A.don’tgoB.notgoC.nottogoD.don’tyougoing()32.They_____theGreatWallnextholiday.

A.visitB.arevisitC.arevisitingD.visited（）33.Therearemany_____betweenthetwopicture.

A.differentB.differentsC.differencesD.difference（）34.Milkisgood_____our____.

A.to;healthyB.to;healthC.for;healthyD.for;health()35.---______doyougoskating?----Everyday.

A.HowoftenB.HowmanyC.HowmuchD.Howlong（）36.--Howoftendotheygotothemovies?---_______

A.twiceaweekB.aweektwiceC.twiceofaweekD.twiceweek()37.Thereis___milkinthebottle.

A.fewB.afewC.alotofD.many()38.Thepolicemantoldtheboys____inthestreet.

A.notplayB.nottoplayC.notplayingD.tonotplay()39.Therearethree____inthefactory.

A.womandriversB.womendriversC.womandriverD.womendriver()40.Iwantyou____withmeeveryday.

A.exerciseB.exercisesC.exercisingD.toexercise()41.Mysisterlikesfruit,_____shedoesn’tlikevegetables.A.butB.andC.orD.also

()42._____grandmotheroftencooksdeliciousfoodfor____

A.He;hisB.His;heC.He;himD.His;him()43.WhatcanBillandCindydo?

--Billcanplay____soccerandCindycanplay____piano.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the()44.Iwillgivemybaby____toeat.

A.healthysomethingB.healthyanythingC.somethinghealthyD.anythinghealthy()45.Smokingis___yourhealth.

A.goodforB.badforC.goodtoD.badto()46._____computergames,Ilikethemverymuch.

A.AsforB.AsonC.AboutD.Allabove

1.so+謂語+主語：…也一樣.謂語:be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞2.so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.

3.helpyourself/yurselvesto．．．請(qǐng)隨便吃點(diǎn)．．．4.發(fā)現(xiàn)sb做sth:findsbdoingsth5.不完全同意Idon’treallyagree.完全不同意Ireallydon’tagree.

6.或者．．或者．．．either…or…..就近原則既不．．也不．．neither…nor….就近原則既．．．．又．．．both…and….謂語用復(fù)數(shù)7.看起來，似乎Itseems/seemedthat…..8.由于．．．而聞名befamousfor….

KeyPhrases（重點(diǎn)短語）：

1.howoften多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次2.junkfood垃圾食品3.alotof許多4.hardlyever很少

5.startwith以…開始6.trytodosth.試著去做某事7.lookafter照料8.bekindofunhealthy有點(diǎn)不健康9.onceaday一天一次10.twiceamonth一個(gè)月兩次11.begoodfor對(duì)…有好處12.onceinawhile偶爾13.seeadoctor/dentist看病/看牙醫(yī)14.getacold/fever感冒/發(fā)燒15.haveastomachache肚子疼

16.haveatoothache牙疼17.haveasorethroat嗓子疼18.liedownandrest躺下休息

19.drinkhotteawithhoney喝加蜂蜜的熱茶20.bestressedout緊張21.listento…聽…

22.gettired變的疲勞23.keephealthy保持健康24.atthemoment此刻；目前25.watchTV看電視

26.playbasketball打籃球27.babysithersister照看她的妹妹28.visitmyfriend拜訪我的朋友29.relaxathome在家放松30.sportscamp運(yùn)動(dòng)野營(yíng)31.somethinginteresting

32.gohiking/camping/fishing/shopping/sightseeing去徒步旅行/野營(yíng)/釣魚/購物/觀光33.goaway離開34.getbacktoschool返回學(xué)校35.stayforaweek呆一個(gè)星期36.gobikeriding騎自行車兜風(fēng)

37.takeswalks散步38.rentvideos租錄像帶39.sleepalot睡得多40.thinkabout考慮

41.takethesubway/bus/boat/plane乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機(jī)42.getto到達(dá)

43.gobybus/plane/boat乘公共車/飛機(jī)/小船44.train/subway/busstation火車/地鐵/公共車站45.busride乘公共車的旅行46.rideabike騎自行車47.busstop公共汽車站48.onfoot步行49.leavefor離開去…50.schoolbus學(xué)校班車51.theearlybus早班車52.bedifferentfrom與…不同53.halfpastsix六點(diǎn)半54.inNorthAmerica在北美洲55.aquickbreakfast快捷的早餐56.needtodo需要做…57.morethan多于58.playsoccer踢足球59.baseballgame棒球比賽60.schoolteam校隊(duì)61.comeoverto過來到…62.thedayaftertomorrow后天63.begoodat擅長(zhǎng)于…64.twoyearsago兩年前65.beoutgoing外向的66.allthetime一直

67.insomeways在一些方面68.lookthesame看起來一樣69.talktoeveryone與大家談話70.makemelaugh使我笑

KeySentenceStructures重要句型：Unit1:

1.－Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?－Iusuallygotothemovies.

2.－Whatdoeshesometimesdoonweekends?－HesometimessurfstheInternet.3.Howoftendoyouexercise?Iexerciseonceaweek.

4.Howoftendoessheeatvegetables?Sheeatsvegetablesthreetimesaday.

5.Mostofthestudentsgotothebeacheveryyear.6.Itmakesabigdifferencetomygrades.7.Myeatinghabitsareprettygood.Unit2:

1.What’sthematter?What’swrong?What’sthetrouble?

2.I’mnotfeelingwell.Ihaveacold/fever/stomachache/sorethroat./Ihavealotofheadaches.

3.Maybeyoushouldseethedoctor/dentist.Youshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.4.Youshouldn’teatanythingfor24hours.5.Don’tgetstressedout.Itwillmakeyousick.6.I’msorrytohearthatyouarenotfeelingwell.Unit3

1.－Whatisshedoingforvacation?－Sheisbabysittingherlittlesister.－Thatsoundsnice/interesting.2.－Whenareyougoing?－I’mgoingonMonday.3.－Wherearetheygoing?－TheyaregoingtoTibet.4.－Whoisshegoingwith?－Sheisgoingwithherparents.5.－Howlongishestaying.－Heisstayingforaweek.6.－Howistheweatherthere?－I’mhopingtheweatherwillbenice.

7.HeisleavingforHongKongthefirstweekinJune.8.Haveagoodtime.

Unit4:

1.－Howdoyougettoschool?－Igettoschoolbybus.2.－Howdoeshegotowork?－Heusuallywalkstoschool.3.－Howlongdoesittake?－Ittakesabouttwentyminutes.4.－Howfarisitfromhishometoschool?－It’sthreemiles.

5.Whatdoyouthinkofthetransportationinyourtown?Unit5:

1.－CanyoucometomypartyonWednesday?

－Sure,I’dloveto./I’msorry,Ihavetohaveapianolesson.2.－CanshegotothemoviesonSaturday?－No,shecan’t.Shehastohelphermom.3.－CanyougototheconcertonMonday?－Whenisit?

－It’satfouro’clockonFriday.4.Thanksalotfortheinvitation.

5.I’mgoingtostudyforatestthisevening.6.What’sthedatetoday?Unit6

1.PedroisfunnierthanPaul.

2.Tinais（alittle）tallerthanTara.3.Iammoreathleticthanmybestfriend.4.Myhairislongerthanhers.

5.LiuYingisnotasgoodashersister.6.Insomeways,welookthesame.

7.Forme,agoodfriendlikesdoingthesamethingsasme.8.I’mquieterthanmostofthekidsinmyclass,andsoismyfriend.9.Whodoyouthinkshouldgetthejob,RuthorRose?

IV.Grammar語法：Unit1:

1.表頻率的詞匯和短語：

alwaysusuallyoftenneverhardlyeversometimesseldomonceadaytwiceamonththreetimesaweekeverytwoweeksonceinawhile2.做事情的頻率（howoftenyoudothings）:－Whatdoyouusuallydointhemorning?

－IusuallyreadEnglishbooks.SometimesIwalkinthegarden.

Ihardlyeverexercise.Ieatvegetablestwiceaweek,butInevereatjunkfood.3.如何提問頻率“多久一次”－Howoftendoesheplaytennis?－Heplaystenniseveryday.

－Howoftendoyoudrinkmilk?－Idrinkmilkonceaday.

－Howoftendotheygotothemovies?－Sometimes.Unit2:

1.詢問別人身體狀況：What’swrongwithyou?What’sthematterwithyou?What’sthetrouble?

2.提出建議（giveadviceandmakesuggestions）－What’swrongwithyou?－Ihaveaheadache.

－Youshouldgotobedandhavearest.Youshouldn’tworklate.－Ihaveafever.

－Youshoulddrinkalotofwater.Youshouldn’tbestressedout.

Unit3：一般將來時(shí)：

1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)“be+動(dòng)詞ing”可以用來表示一個(gè)在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。－Whatareyoudoingforvacation?－I’mvisitingTibet.

－WhereareyougoingonMayDay?－I’mgoingtothebeach.

－Howmanystudentsarecomingtooutpartytomorrow?－Fifty.

2.“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示主觀打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，計(jì)劃，決定要去做的事。TheyaregoingtotravelinChina.

Lookattheclouds!Itisgoingtorain.

－Areyougoingtobeateacherwhenyougrowup?－Yes,Iam.

3.用“shall＋動(dòng)詞原形”或“will＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示一般將來時(shí)。（shall只用于第一人稱）

WeshallgotothebeachthisSunday.Mybrotherwillfinishmiddleschoolinayear.Thesebirdswon’tflytothesouthinwinter.Whenwilltheybeginthework?

Unit4：

談?wù)撊绾蔚竭_(dá)某地，以及以何種方式到達(dá)某地。－Howdoyougettothemuseum?－Igettothemuseumbysubway.SometimesIridemybiketothemuseum.注意區(qū)別：

（1）takethebus=gobybuseg:Itakethebustogettoschool.=Igettoschoolbybus.takethetrain=gobytraineg:Hetakesthetraintogotoschool.Hegetstoschoolbytrain.takethesubway=gobysubwaytakeataxi=gobytaxigoinacar=gobycarrideabike=gobybikewalk=goonfoot

How引導(dǎo)的疑問句：

1.HowdoesLuciagettowork?（提問方式“如何”）

2.DaveisgoingtotraveltoParisbyplane.Howlongdoesittake?（提問時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”）

3.Howfarisitfromthepostofficetothemuseum?（提問距離“多遠(yuǎn)”）

4.HowoftendoesKateswimintheriver?（提問頻率“多久一次”）5.Howoldisthelittleboy?（提問年齡“多大”）

6.Howmanycowsarethere?（提問數(shù)量“多少”many后跟可數(shù)名詞）7.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?（提問數(shù)量“多少”much后跟不可數(shù)名詞）8.Howmuchisthedoll?（提問價(jià)錢“多少錢”）9.Howtallishisteacher?（提問高度“多高”）10.Howwastheweather?（提問程度“怎樣”）

Unit5

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“can”表示可能性，或現(xiàn)在決定將來的事。練習(xí)用“Can…?”發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，接受或拒絕并給出原因：－CanyoucometomypartyonMonday?

－Sure,I’dloveto./Sorry,Ican’t.Ihavetostudyforatest.－Canshegotothemovies?

－No,shecan’t.Shehastodoherhomework.－Canhegotothefootballgametomorrow?－No,hecan’t.Hehasadrivinglessons.－Cantheygototheconcerttonight?－No,theycan’t.Theyarevisitingtheiruncle.

Unit6:

形容詞比較級(jí)：

形容詞比較級(jí)是用來表示事物的等級(jí)差別。I.形容詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成：規(guī)則變化：

1.一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加－er。tall－tallergreat－greater

2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以－le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加－r。nice－nicerlarge－largerable－abler

3.以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加－er。big－biggerhot－h(huán)otter

4.“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，改y為i，再加－er。easy－easierbusy－busier

5.少數(shù)以－er，－ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞末尾加－er.clever－cleverernarrow－narrower

6.其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more來構(gòu)成比較級(jí)。important－moreimportantbeautiful－morebeautiful不規(guī)則變化：

good－betterwell（健康的）－betterbad－worseill－worseold－older/eldermany－moremuch－morelittle（少的）－lessfar（遠(yuǎn)的）－farther/further

II.比較級(jí)句型：

1.比較級(jí)＋than……比…較為A＋動(dòng)詞＋形容詞比較級(jí)＋than＋B.兩者相比較，A比B更…一些。Iamolderthanyou.MaryishappierthanJane.

HisbrotherisyoungerthanI（me）.BeijingismorebeautifulthanWuhan.MysisterhaslongerhairthanTara.Hermotheristhinnerthanherfather.JackistallerthanTom.2.as…as

A+動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+B.表示A和B兩者比較，程度相同，“…和…相同”。Myuncleisastallasyourfather.TomisashonestasJohn.Mydogisasoldasthatone.

A…＋not＋as＋形容詞原級(jí)＋as＋B表示A，B兩者程度不同，即A不如B那么…Myuncleisnotastallasyourfather.TomisnotashonestasJohn.Thisjacketisnotascheapasthatone.3.thesameas與…相同。

Myfriendisthesameasme.Wearebothquiet.Agoodfriendlikestodothesamethingsasme.

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