初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞及基本構(gòu)成集錦

初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)的常用標(biāo)志詞

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)：

often,usually,always,everyday/week/month/year,sometimes,seldom，onceaweek,twiceaweek,onSundays等。2.一般過去時(shí)態(tài)：

yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday（前天）lastweek（month,year）,twomonthsago,in1990,inthosedays,longlongago=onceuponatimejustnow(剛才)attheageof53.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：

now,atthemoment.It’sfouro’clock.nowadays,Look,...Listen,...4.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：

this/thattimeyesterday,atthatmomentateighto’clocklastnight,from8to10yesterdaymorning,when,while等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句等。5.一般將來時(shí)態(tài)

(1)tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,tomorrowmorning(2)nexttime,nextFriday,nextterm,nextmonth(3)in+一段時(shí)間；in+一段時(shí)間"s+time(4)soon=rightaway=atonce(5)bytheendof+將來時(shí)間(6)later(on);inthefuture6.過去將來時(shí)態(tài)

（1）thenexttime/Friday/term/month（2）thefollowingmonth(week…)（3）主句為過去時(shí)，賓語從句中原來的一般將來時(shí)要轉(zhuǎn)換成過去將來時(shí)態(tài)。7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)

(1)already,yet,ever,never,just,before,recently,lately,once(twice..)

sofar,,in/duringthepast/last+一段時(shí)間(2)for+一段時(shí)間,since+過去某一時(shí)間;since+last…;since+一段時(shí)間+ago,since+從句.8.過去完成時(shí)態(tài)

bythetime(of),bytheendof+過去時(shí)間when.before.after…+過去時(shí)間uptillthen(直到那時(shí));upuntillastnight(直到昨晚)。常常用在主句是過去時(shí)的賓語從句中（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)要調(diào)整為過去完成時(shí)態(tài)）

初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)

一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①主語+be動(dòng)詞+其他；②主語+行為動(dòng)詞+其他

否定形式：①主語+am/is/are+not+其他；②此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don"t，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn"t，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

一般疑問句：①把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；②用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。二、一般過去時(shí)：

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①主語+be動(dòng)詞+其他；②主語+行為動(dòng)詞+其他

否定形式：①主語+was/were+not+其他；②在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn"t，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首；②用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are+doing+其他.

否定形式：主語+am/is/are+not+doing+其他.

一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were+doing+其他.

否定形式：主語+was/were+not+doing+其他.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。五、一般將來時(shí)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①主語+am/is/are/goingto+do+其他；②主語+will/shall+do+其他.否定形式：①主語+am/ia/are+not+goingto+do+其他；②主語+will/shall+not+do+其他.一般疑問句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。六、過去將來時(shí)：

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①主語+was/were/goingto+do+其他；②主語+would/should+do+其他.否定形式：①主語+was/were+not+goingto+do+其他；②主語+would/should+not+do+其他.

一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should提到句首。七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+done+其他.否定形式：主語+have/has+not+done+其他.一般疑問句：have或has放于句首。八、過去完成時(shí)：

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had+done+其他.否定形式：主語+had+not+done+其他.一般疑問句：had放于句首。

擴(kuò)展閱讀：初中八種英語時(shí)態(tài)精講精練

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一、用法

1．表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、行為或存在的狀態(tài)。

常用的時(shí)間狀語有：often,usually,always,everyday/week/month/year,sometimes,seldom，onceaweek,twiceaweek,onSundays等。Igotoschooleveryday.2．表示主語的身份或特征。Hisfatherisadoctor.Tomistall.3．表示一種客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。Theearthisround.Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.4．在條件狀態(tài)從句和時(shí)間狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。

Ifyoudon’tgosoon,you’llbelate.如果你不快去的話，你就要遲到了。二、構(gòu)成

動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，除主語為單數(shù)第三人稱以外，謂語動(dòng)詞一律用原形，若主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞的詞尾應(yīng)發(fā)生變化（加-s或-es）。1．在動(dòng)詞原形后加-srun→runs

2．以ch,sh,s,o,x結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-esguesses,fixes,teaches,washes,goes3．以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y變?yōu)閕，再加-estry→tries4．以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-sstay→stays5.have-has三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型變化。1.肯定句

（1）主語+am/is/are+表語Theyarenewstudents.Iamtall.HeisfromJapan.amisare用法口訣：I用am，you用are，is連著他、她、它；單數(shù)用is,復(fù)數(shù)一律都用are。（2）a.主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+其它IreadEnglisheverymorning.

b.單三人稱主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單三人稱+其它Heusuallygoestoschoolbybike.2.否定句

（1）主語+am/is/are+not+表語Sheisnotanurse.

（2）a.主語+don’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其它如：Idon’tplaysoccerafterschool.

b.單三人稱主語+doesn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其它Hedoesn’tgototheparkafterschool.3.一般疑問句

（1）Am/Is/Are+主語+表語？Isyourmotherateacher?（2）a.Do+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？DoyouspeakEnglish?

b.Does+單三人稱主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？Doesyourbrotherhaveawidemouth?4.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？Whattimedoesyourmothergetupeveryday?專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題

一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式

1.study________2.play________3.watch_____4.wash_______5.have_______6.ride_______7.take_______8.worry_______9.help_______10.say________11.put________12.teach________13.fly________14.eat________15.go_______16.guess______17.read_______18.do_______19.call________20.cry________二、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.Heoften______(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_____(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5._____they____(like)theWorldCup?6.What____theyoften____(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.

9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.Themoon________(travel)roundtheearth.

11.Itusually________(take)memorethantwohourstofinishmyhomework.12.Iwilltellhimthegoodnewsassoonashe________(come)back.13.MissGaoisverybusy.She________(sleep)sixhoursaday.

14.Look!Susan________(dance)inthegarden.Sheoften________(dance)there.15.ThechildrenwillgototheSummerPalaceifit________(notrain)tomorrow.16.I_________anypears(nothave).ButMary_________some(have).

17.Whatlanguage____you_____?(speak)18.Mybrother_____tobeascientist.(notlike)19.We______Japaneseatschool.(notstudy)20.He_____playingfootball.(notlike)三、按照要求改寫句子

1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)_________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯、否定回答)________________________________________________________

3.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯、否定回答)___________________________________________________

4.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句)____________________________5.SunYangusuallywashessomeclothesonSaturday.否定句:_____________一般疑問句:________________劃線提問:____________6.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.否定句:______________一般疑問句:____________劃線提問_____________四、選用所給的詞語適當(dāng)形式填空give,rain,enjoy,sing,return,borrow,keep1.Itoften______inmyhometowninsummer.2.Sometimesthebirds_______inthetree.3.Joeusually____booksfromtheschoollibrary,butshenever_____themontime.4.MayI________thedictionaryforaweek?

5.Thelittleboy________himselfinthegardenonSaturdays.

6.Maryisagoodgirl.Sheoften________meahandwhenIneedsomehelp.

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一般過去時(shí)的用法

一、定義：表示過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；表示在過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。經(jīng)常與yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday（前天）lastweek（month,year）,twomonthsago,in1990,inthosedays,longlongago=onceuponatimejustnow(剛才)attheageof5等表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。

如：Iwasbornin1990.Whendidyougotothepark?Iwenttotheparklastweek.二、構(gòu)成：

1.Be動(dòng)詞(在沒有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子中使用be動(dòng)詞)amis—was;are—were.肯定句：主語+was(were)+賓語如：Iwaslateyesterday.

否定句：主語+was(were)+not+賓語如：Weweren"tlateyesterday.疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+賓語如：Wereyouillyesterday?Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasn"t.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was(were)+主語+賓語如：Whenwereyouborn?2．實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)

肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用didn’t,did.

肯定句為：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+賓語如：Iwenthomeatnineo"clockyesterday.否定句：主語+didn"t+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語如：Ididn"tgohomeyesterday.

疑問句Did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語Didyougohomeyesterday?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn"t.3．動(dòng)詞的過去式構(gòu)成。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。

1）一般情況下在詞尾直接加ed。如：play—playedwork—worked2）以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞只加d.如：like---likedlove—loved3）以輔音字母+Y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變Y為I，再加ed.如：study—studiedcarry—carried4）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，要雙寫最后這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed.如：stop—stopped

不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞(見不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表)。如:am,is--was

鞏固練習(xí)題

一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式

is\\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry________ask_____walk_________eat__________draw________put______hear________write________want_______do________二、請用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。

1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.

2._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she_________.3.What________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?He________(watch)TVand_______(read)aninterestingbook.4.Theyall_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.

5.She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.

She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.

6.When________you_________(write)thissong?I__________(write)itlastyear.7.Myfriend,Carol,____(study)forthemathtestand_____(practice)Englishlastnight.8.________Mr.Li________(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he_________.9.How_________(be)Jim"sweekend?It_________(benot)bad.

10.________(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No.she__________.11.TomandMary___________(come)toChinalastmonth.

12.Mike_______(notgo)tobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.Sohe______(get)uplate.13.Mary__________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.14.There_________(be)noonehereamomentago.

15.Lastweekwe_________(pick)manyapplesonthefarm.16.Mymother________________(notdo)houseworkyesterday.

17.ShewatchesTVeveryevening.Butshe____________(notwatch)TVlastnight.18．________yourfather________(go)toworkeverydaylastyear?19．Whattime_______you_______(get)toBeijingyesterday?We__________(get)toBeijingat9:00intheevening.20.What__________(make)himcry(哭)justnow?

21.There______(benot)anyhospitalsinmyhometown(家鄉(xiāng))in1940.22.When_______you_________(come)tochina?Lastyear.23.Didshe________(have)supperathome?

24.Jack____________(notclean)theroomjustnow.

25.It______(be)hotyesterdayandmostchildren_______(be)outside.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換（變一般疑問句，肯否定回答；否定句；劃線提問）1.Mybrotherwasintheparkjustnow.

2.HereadanEnglishbooklastweek.

3.Therewereaboutninehundredpeopleattheconcert.

4.Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.

5.Anndidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

一、定義：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作�；颥F(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。也表示按計(jì)劃即將

發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（僅限于go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,begin,stay等動(dòng)詞）。如：Heiscomingtonight.

時(shí)間狀語：now,atthemoment.It’sfouro’clock.nowadays,Look,...Listen,...二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+動(dòng)詞ingI’mdoingmyhomework.Heiswriting.

否定形式：am/is/are+not+動(dòng)詞ing.I’mnotdoingmyhomework..Heisnotwriting.一般疑問句：把a(bǔ)m/is/are放于句首。

Areyoudoingyourhomework?Yes,Iam.No,I’mnot.

特殊疑問：疑問詞+am/is/are+主語+動(dòng)詞ing?如：Whatareyoudoing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞ing?Whoissingingoverthere?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則

（1）一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

（2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting

（3）如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，run-running,stop-stopping，sit-sitting，run-running，forget-forgetting，begin-beginning（4）以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改ie為y加ing，如：die--dyinglielying專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：

一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：

play____run_____swim____make_____go_____like_____write____ski_____read________dance_____put____see____buy_____love______live____take____come____get__stop_____sit____begin_____shop_____二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy________(draw)apicturenow.

2.Listen.Someone________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother__________(cook)somenicefoodnow.

4.What____you_____(do)now?5.Look.They_______(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They________(not,water)theflowersnow.

7.Look!thegirls_________(dance)intheclassroom.

8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She________(listen)tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

1.Theyaredoinghousework.

一般疑問句：__________________否定句：_________________2．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)

3．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

一、定義：表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

時(shí)間狀語：this/thattimeyesterday,atthatmomentateighto’clocklastnight,from8to10yesterdaymorning,when,while等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+動(dòng)詞ing

Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthis/thattimeyesterday.HewaswatchingTVateighto’clocklastnight.ShewasplayingtheviolinwhenIsawher.WhileIwasreading,mymotherwascooking否定形式：was/were+not+動(dòng)詞ing.

Iwasn’tdoingmyhomeworkthis/thattimeyesterday.一般疑問句：把was/were放于句首。

WashewatchingTVateighto’clocklastnight?Yes,hewas.No,hewasn’t.特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：

疑問詞+was/were+主語+動(dòng)詞ing?Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?過去進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：

A．用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。

1.Jim_________(write)aletteratthatmoment.

2.Whenthetelephone______(ring),she________(do)herhousework.

3.WhenI________(leave)theparty,thepeople_________(enjoy)themselves.4.Whenmybrother_____(come)intotheroom,I____________(telephone)Mary.5.Whilethechildren_____(play)outside,theirmother____(cook)theirdinner.6.He_________(watch)TVatninelastnight.He_________(watch)TVlastnight.7.What_______thetwins_____(do)then?

8.______Lily______(draw)acatwhentheteachercamein?----No,she______9.______you_______(have)supperatthattime?

10.Jack____________(notread)abookatnineyesterdayevening.11.What______he________(do)atnineo’clocklastnight?B.把下列句子變成否定句，一般疑問句，劃線部分提問。1.TheywereplayingfootballwhenIsawthem

2.Hewasdoinghishomeworkateighto’clocklastnight.

C.動(dòng)詞填空：LastSunday,allmyfamily______athome.Myfather_________hiscaroutsideourhouse.Mymother________thehousework.She______(try)tocleanthewholehouseattheweekend.Mygrandmother_____TVinthesofa.I_______computergamesinthemorning.I_______(receive)aphonecalland______shoppingwithmyfriends.Intheevening,ourfamily__________dinnertogether.

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一般將來時(shí)

一、定義：表示將來某一時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。

時(shí)間狀語(1)tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,tomorrowmorning(2)nexttime,nextFriday,nextterm,nextmonth(3)in+一段時(shí)間；in+一段時(shí)間"s+time(4)soon=rightaway=atonce(5)bytheendof+將來時(shí)間(6)later(on);inthefuture

二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)am/is/aregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形（打算…）Heisgoingtoseehisbrother.will+動(dòng)詞原形（將，會(huì)…）（第一人稱I/We可專用shall+do...)Iwillstudytomorrow.Ishallmeetthemintwodays.--Shallwegoshoppingafterschool?--Goodidea.肯定句主語+be(am,are,is)goingto//will+動(dòng)詞原形.I’mgoingtostudytomorrow.Iwillstudytomorrow.否定句只須在will或be（am，is，are）后加not；

如Themanagerwon’tagreewithhim.Thepresidentisn’tgoingtovisitthesmalltown.疑問句把will或be提到主語前即可。

Willheagreewithhim?Yes,hewill./No,hewon’t.

Ishegoingtovisitthesmalltown?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.一.用括號中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.She________(nothave)aconcert(演唱會(huì))nextyear.

2.Roseisill.Oh,Iamsorrytohearthat.I______(go)toseeherthisevening.3.He______(travel)allovertheworld.

4.When______Mike______(arrive)heretomorrow?

5._____________you____________________(be)ateacherwhenyougrowup?6.Where______we________(have)themeetingtomorrow?7.They____________thefarmifitdoesn’trainnextSunday.8.Don’tworry.They________(finish)theworksoon.9.Shewillwritetoyouassoonasshe______(get)there.

10.—When_______you______(do)yourhomework?‖—Thedayaftertomorrow‖二.變換句型。

1.Heisgoingtoseehisbrothertomorrow.(疑問句,否定句)

2.Sallywillcomebackinthreehours.（否定句,疑問句,劃線部分提問）

3.I’mgoingtogettherebyplane.（否定句,劃線部分提問）

4.Theywillgiveusthirtybooks.（劃線部分提問）

5.Mymother’sgoingtomakeabirthdaycakeformyfather.（劃線部分提問）

過去將來時(shí)態(tài)

一、定義：它表示從過去某一時(shí)間來看將要發(fā)生的某個(gè)動(dòng)作或存在的某種狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語（1）thenexttime/Friday/term/month（2）thefollowingmonth(week…)（3）主句為過去時(shí)，賓語從句中原來的一般將來時(shí)要轉(zhuǎn)換成過去將來時(shí)態(tài)。二、構(gòu)成

A)would+動(dòng)詞原形如：HeaskedmeifIwouldgotheretomorrow.B)was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形

如：Nooneknewwhenhewasgoingtofinishhishomework.

C)come,go,arrive,leave,die等瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞，用在過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中表示過去將來。如：ShetoldusthatshewasleavingforYunnan.她告訴我們她將要去云南。

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：

一、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.

4.Lucysaidshewillwritetomeassoonasshe______(get)there.5.She________(nothave)aconcertthenextnight.二、單選

()1.Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?

Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit

()2.IhopedTina______tomybirthdaypartyontimethenextWednesday.A.tocomeB.iscomingC.willcomeD.wascoming

()3.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.A.tookB.wouldtakeC.takesD.willtake

()4.Wewerenotsurewhetherthey______morevegetables.

A.aregoingtogrowB.weregoingtogrowC.willgrowD.havegrown（）5.-Wherewillwemeet?--Sorry?-Iasked__________meet.

A.wherewewouldB.whenwewouldC.wherewillweDwherewouldwe（）6.Kenwassobusywhenwesawhim,becausehe_______aspeechthenextday.

A.willmakeB.wouldmakeC.hasmadeD.wasmaking

（）7.IfIhadenoughmoney,I________abighouseformyfather.

A.willbuyB.wouldbuyC.haveboughtD.ambuying

（）8.Tina___________leavewhenImether.

A.wasgoingtoB.wouldC.wasabouttoD.A,BandC

（）9.--Whenwillshecomeback?--Pardon?--Iaskedwhen______________.

A.whenwillshecomebackB.whenshewillcomebackC.whenwouldshecomebackD.whenshewouldcomeback

4

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

一、用法：A過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與already,yet,never,ever,just,before等連用。B表示從過去開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for,since,等一段時(shí)間狀語連用。

時(shí)間狀語(1)already,yet,ever,never,just,before,once(twice..),recently,lately,sofar,in/duringthepast/last+一段時(shí)間

(2)for+一段時(shí)間,since+過去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間;since+last…;since+一段時(shí)間+ago,since+從句.

二、構(gòu)成：have/has+過去分詞主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),助動(dòng)詞用has,其他人稱用have.過去分詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去分詞同過去式，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞需要記憶。三、結(jié)構(gòu);

肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+……Ihaveseenthefilmbefore.

否定形式：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+……Ihaven’tseenthefilmbefore.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+……Haveyouseenthefilmbefore?

Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+過去分詞+……

四、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可以用于完成時(shí)中，表示動(dòng)作的完成，在肯定句中不能和for及since，howlong連接的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。

如Ihaveboughtthepen.(∨)Ihaveboughtthepenforthreedays.(×)Ihavehadthepenforthreedays.(∨)Iboughtthepenthreedaysago.(∨)Ihaven’tboughtbooksfromtheschoollibraryforthreedays.(∨)▲部分短暫性動(dòng)詞與之對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：

1.come/arrivehere-behere2.cometo-bein3.die-bedead4.buyhave5.borrowkeep6.leave-beaway(from)7.begin-beon8.join-bein/beamember(joininthearmy-beinthearmy-beasoldier)9.catchacold-haveacold10.finish-beover,open-beopen,close-beclosed

五、havebeenin,havebeento與havegoneto的用法

⑴have(has)beenin表示—在某地呆多長時(shí)間‖，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如：since,for,howlong等。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.▲此外還有這些搭配：havebeenhere(there)/athome(school)/abroad⑵have(has)beento表示—曾經(jīng)去過某地‖，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了�？膳cjust,ever,never等連用，Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.▲have(has)beento后面可接次數(shù)表示去過某地幾次。IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.⑶have(has)goneto意為—到某地去了‖，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中�？傊�，說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。

-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshop.JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon.

一、用for和since填空

1.Wehavelearnedfivehundredwords______thebeginningofthisterm.

2.MrsLiaohasbeeninhospital______aweek.3.Ihavestayedthere_____lastweek.4.HehaslivedinNanjing______twentyyears.5.I’veknownhim______Iwasachild.6.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_____threeyears.7.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity____abouttwoyears.8.It’sabouttenyears_____sheleftthecity.

二、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。

A:Where___________LiFei__________?B:He___________toHainanIsland.A:Howlong__________he_________there?B:He___________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,I_______never______there.A:Howmanytimes_____LiFei_____tothatplace?B:He_____thereonlyonce.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1.Mr.Smithhasalreadyworkedheresince1984.(變成否定句，一般疑問句，劃線提問)2.Ididn"tseehimlastyear.（改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）_________________________________3.IboughtthebikelastyearI__________thebikefor______________四、所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式和漢語提示填空

1.Thanksalot.It’ssunnyagain.It_______________(rain)foralongtime.2._____________Mr.Li_______________(live)heresince8yearsold?

3.SinceMr.Li_______(come)here,he_______________(teach)inthisschool.

4.Howmanytimes__you___(be)toBeijing?-Onlyonce.I___(go)theretwoyearsago.5.Waithere,please.Thetrain_______________(notarrive)yet.6.I_________(notsee)suchastrangethingbefore.

7.Howlong______UncleWang______(work)inthisfactory?-Since1995.

8.Thatman______(去世)in201*andhe_____(去世)2yearsago.He________(去世)for2years.

9.When___you______(買)thepen?I________(買)itin201*.I________(買)itfor5years.Howlong______you______(買)it?

10.Thefilm__________(演)10minutesago.It_________(演)for10minutes.

11.He________(離開)schoolsince201*.He____________(離開)schoolfor10years.12.I_______(借)abooklastweek.I_________(借)itsincelastweek.When____you_____(借)it?

五、單選1.MrLi_________England.He________Londonforalongtime.Ahasbeento;hasbeentoBhasgoneto;hasbeeninCHasbeento;hasbeeninDhasgoneto;hasbeento

2.MissSmithwithherparents_________Chinasince_______.Ahavebeenin;twoyearsagoBhasgoneto;threeyearsCHavebeento;twoyearsDhasbeenin;twoyearsago

過去完成時(shí)

一、用法：表示過去動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。簡單地說就是—過去的過去‖發(fā)生的事情。過去完成時(shí)還可以表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始，持續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如Hehadworkedinthefactoryforfiveyearsbeforehemovedhere.時(shí)間狀語bythetime(of),bytheendof+過去時(shí)間when.before.after…+過去時(shí)間uptillthen(直到那時(shí));upuntillastnight(直到昨晚等。常常用在主句是過去時(shí)的賓語從句中（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)要調(diào)整為過去完成時(shí)態(tài)）二、構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞三、結(jié)構(gòu);

肯定句：主語+has+過去分詞+…否定形式：主語+had+not+過去分詞+…一般疑問句：Had+主語+過去分詞+……

如Shehadfinisheddoingthehomeworkby10:00thismorning.HowmanyEnglishfilmshadyouseenbytheendoflastterm?ThefilmhadalreadybegunwhenIgottothecinema.

BeforeshecametoChina,ShehadtaughtEnglishforaboutfiveyears.HesaidhehadneverseenXiaoWangbefore.四、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.We______(paint)thehousebeforewe________(move)in.

2.Paul________(go)outwithJaneafterhe_____(make)aphonecall.3.Tom_____(say)he_______(read)thebooktwice.

4.TheReads_________(have)lunchwhenI________(get)totheirhouse.5.WhenI__________(arrive)atthestation,he________(leave).

6.We______(learn)about4000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.7.He________(nottell)youthenewsyet.

8..Hesaidhe________already______(give)thebooktotheteacher.9.She__________(play)theguitarwhilehersister________(sing).10.Hesaidhe____________(nottell)youthenewsyet.

11.What______Jane_______(do)bythetimehewasseven?12.Jimturnedoffthelightsandthen_____(leave)theclassroom.13.Theman________(put)onhiscoatandwentout.句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1.Shehadwrittenthebookbytheendof1960.（改為一般疑問句、否定句、對劃線部分提問）

2.LucyhadalreadycompletedtheprojectwhenIarrived.（改一般疑問）

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